MALARIA- Cause, History, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

ALL ABOUT MALARIA 

All the countries of the world are fighting the war against malaria. Due to this, millions of people die every year throughout the world. This disease is caused by the bite of the female anopheles mosquito.

Patient of Malaria

Know, what is malaria, how does it happen, its symptoms and other special information related to it, which you may not know.

Learn basic information about malaria

Malaria is transmitted by the bite of the female anopheles mosquito. A parasite named Plasmodium (protozoa) is found in this mosquito, due to which mosquito bites multiply in the blood and then make the human body sick. A person suffering from this disease has symptoms ranging from fever, tremors, sweating, severe headache, nausea and vomiting with body breakdown. In this, the patient gets a fever again and again. But despite these symptoms, the patient needs to detect protozoa. There are not only one but eight types of protozoa in female anaphylaxis.

These are the main parasites (protozoa), which cause malaria

Plasmodium falciparum: This parasite gives symptoms of a very dangerous fever, the fever is so dangerous that sometimes the patient is at risk of death from it. Many times the patient experiences unconscionability. He does not even know what he is saying. Due to this, there is very cold and headache and vomiting also occur.

These parasites produce Queditian malaria which often attacks during the day time. Malingnet gives effect after 48 hours in Tunisian malaria. A person's life can also be lost in this.

Plasmodium vivax: People usually experience symptoms of malaria due to this parasite. vivax parasites mostly occur during the day. It produces benign tertiary malaria which shows its effect every third day i.e. after 48 hours. There are also signs of pain in the waist, head, hands, feet, loss of appetite, high fever with shivering.

Plasmodium ovale: This parasite also produces benign tertiary malaria.

Plasmodium malaria: This protozoan causes quartan malaria, in which the patient has a fever every fourth day. That means fever occurs only once in 72 hours. When a person has this disease, the protein starts going out of his urine due to which there is a deficiency of protein in the body and swelling starts.

Plasmodium knowlesi (P. knowlesi): This is a primate malaria parasite commonly found in Southeast Asia. There is also fever due to cold.

Different types of protozoa

This is its interesting history

Malaria derives from the Italian word Mala Area, its Hindi sense of evil. The earliest description of this disease is found in China (2700 BC) where it was also known as Marsh Fever. Then in the year 1880, the first study of malaria was done by Charles Louis Alphonse Laverin Scientist.

Be careful if you see these symptoms

- Severe cold fever

- Sweating when fever comes.

- Stomach problems and vomiting

- Fainting, Anemia, Anemia

- Low blood sugar

- Fatigue, headache, muscle pain

This is the process of spreading malaria

The plasmodium parasite is spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes, which are known as "night-biting" mosquitoes because they most commonly bite between dusk and dawn.

If a mosquito bites a person already infected with malaria, it can also become infected and spread the parasite on to other people. However, malaria can't be spread directly from person to person.

Once you're bitten, the parasite enters the bloodstream and travels to the liver. The infection develops in the liver before re-entering the bloodstream and invading the red blood cells.

The parasites grow and multiply in the red blood cells. At regular intervals, the infected blood cells burst, releasing more parasites into the blood. Infected blood cells usually burst every 48-72 hours. Each time they burst, you'll have about of fever, chills and sweating.

Malaria can also be spread through blood transfusions and the sharing of needles, but this is very rare.

Diagnosis of Malaria 

Malaria parasites can be identified by examining under the microscope a drop of the patient’s blood, spread out as a “blood smear” on a microscope slide. Prior to examination, the specimen is stained (most often with the Giemsa stain) to give the parasites a distinctive appearance. This technique remains the gold standard for laboratory confirmation of malaria. However, it depends on the quality of the reagents, of the microscope, and on the experience of the laboratorian.

When should malaria be treated? 

Malaria should be treated early in its course, before it becomes serious and life-threatening. Several good antimalarial drugs are available, and should be taken early on. The most important step is to go see a doctor if you are sick and are presently in, or have recently been in, an area with malaria, so that the disease is diagnosed and treated right away.

What is the treatment for malaria?

Malaria can be cured with prescription drugs. The type of drugs and length of treatment depend on the type of malaria, where the person was infected, their age, whether they are pregnant, and how sick they are at the start of treatment.